The Information about Ireland Site Newsletter
    November 2006


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      The Information about Ireland Site Newsletter 
                      November 2006
     
    The Newsletter for people interested in Ireland 
     Now received by over 50,000 people worldwide 
          https://www.ireland-information.com 
              https://www.irishnation.com
                  Copyright (C) 2006  
    
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    		IN THIS ISSUE
    === Foreword
    === News Snaps from Ireland 
    === New free resources at the site
    === US$100 Free Christmas Gift Vouchers 
    === Paddy O'Sullivan, Tactician by Michael Mulcahy
    === My Native Land 		  by Tom Shea
    === Irish Slaves in the Americas  by Tom Osborne
    === Gaelic Phrases of the Month
    === Shamrock Site of the Month:	celticattic.com
    === Monthly free competition result
    
    =================================================
    
    FOREWORD
    ========
    
    Hello again from rainy Ireland. Many thanks to 
    our readers for their contributions this month, 
    all of whom would enjoy your feedback. Be sure 
    to have a read of Michael Mulcahys story of 
    mischief in Rural Ireland!
    
    We have also included US$100 worth of vouchers 
    so that you can get your Christmas shopping 
    started. Free!
    
    Please DO send us in your stories, poems or 
    articles about Ireland for the next edition 
    - we love including reader contributions,
    
    until next month,
    
    Michael
    
    
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    NEWS SNAPS FROM IRELAND
    =======================
     
    FIANNA FAIL WILL NOT FORM GOVERNMENT WITH SINN FEIN 
    
    Taoiseach Bertie Ahearn has ruled out any 
    coalition with Sinn Fein when the General Election 
    is held next year.
    
    The current Government consists of a coalition of 
    Fianna Fail and the Progressive Democrats, which 
    together with occasional support from Independent 
    T.D.s (members of Parliament) has meant that the 
    Government has been relatively stable in recent 
    years.
    
    While it is likely that the P.D.s and Fianna Fail 
    will again seek office as the preferred combination 
    of parties, it is also likely that Fianna Fail will 
    have a few other partners in mind. Sinn Fein will 
    not be one of them however but not on nationalistic 
    grounds.
    
    While Sinn Fein are well known for their obvious 
    'United Ireland' credentials their economic 
    policies are regarded as very left-wing and 
    anti-Europe. Bertie Ahearn has already stated that 
    his approach to low-taxation and its effect on the 
    market economy would be near opposite to that 
    promoted by Sinn Fein and for that reason there is 
    no way Fianna Fail will form a government with 
    Gerry Adam's party.
    
    RYANAIR TAKEOVER OF AER LINGUS DEALT A BLOW
    
    The attempt by Ryanair to take over Aer Lingus
    was dealt a huge blow with the announcement of 
    the result of the staff ballot. A massive 93% 
    of staff rejected Michael O'Leary's audacious 
    bid to merge Ireland's two biggest airlines. 
    Together with likely opposition from the 
    Competition Authority in the EU it is now very 
    hard to see how Ryanair can proceed with their 
    takeover bid, unless they greatly up their 
    offer to staff.
    
    HOUSE PRICES START TO EASE - FINALLY!
    
    There has been no noticeable fall-back in the 
    price of houses in Ireland in recent months
    but the rate of growth has slowed significantly. 
    The annual rate of growth in October was 14.2%, 
    down from 15% the previous month. This is still 
    a pretty spectacular rate of growth by 
    international standards and continues to cause 
    concern to Government and economists alike.
    
    When the inevitable recession hits it is the 
    construction sector that will be hit hardest,
    given the over-reliance on this sector in 
    respect of employment and tax collection.
    
    POLLUTING CARS MAY BE TAXED EXTRA
    
    The current system of motor taxation in Ireland
    is under scrutiny and may be changed from the 
    current assessment of an engines cubic capacity 
    to its overall pollution rating. 
    
    The huge increase in the use of SUVs and other 
    high-emission vehicles has led to calls for
    extra measures to be taken. Ireland is already 
    struggling to meet its obligations under the 
    Kyoto Protocol.
    
    VICTORY AT LAST FOR IRISH SOCCER TEAM
    
    The Irish soccer team that is managed by Steve 
    Staunton finally got off the mark in their 
    European Championships qualifying matches with 
    an easy 5-0 win against San Marino. The tiny 
    Principality are expected to be the whipping 
    boys of the group and last 13-0 to Germany in 
    an earlier round of matches. There is some hope 
    for Ireland however with Germany unexpectantly 
    drawing 1-1 in Cyprus, the scene of Ireland's 
    recent humiliation. 
    
    Next up for the 'boys in green' is the return 
    match in San Marino followed up by the historic 
    game against Wales in Croke Park. Qualification 
    at this stage looks unlikely but from Steve 
    Staunton's viewpoint, he will be glad just to 
    have weathered the storm.
    
    
    Voice your opinion on these news issues here:
    
    https://www.ireland-information.com/cgi-bin/newsletterboardindex.cgi
    
    =================================================
    
    NEW FREE RESOURCES AT THE SITE
    ==============================
    
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    =================================================
    
    PADDY O'SULLIVAN TACTICIAN     by Michael Mulcahy
    ==========================
    
    I grew up in Listowel in the 40s whilst World Two 
    raged in Europe. Ireland stayed neutral and that 
    period was called The Emergency. It affected 
    everything from travel to certain foods being 
    rationed.
    
    My father was the Garda Superintendent. He was a 
    quiet, shy, very reserved man, a listener, who 
    was beholden to no one because as a professional 
    policeman he felt he should not be. My mother on 
    the other hand was different from him in every 
    way. She was gregarious, loved chats and company. 
    They were both strong individuals. They both 
    came from diametrically opposed political back 
    grounds and yet they had married in the midst of 
    a very bitter Civil War. Their marriage and 
    family life was happy despite this paradox.
    
    The only thing that caused a slight hiccup in 
    their relationship was the fact my father never 
    discussed Garda business with her. She gathered 
    all her information from other wives at the 
    market and the owner of the grocery shop who 
    was loquacious to the nth degree.
    
    Crime normally involved the stealing of sheep 
    and turf, kidnapping of rams to increase sheep 
    production, the odd burglary, riding bicycles 
    without a red light and other crimes of that 
    order. Being Kerry there were on going agrarian 
    problems some for decades that would occasionally 
    end up in murder. Being different to the other 
    crimes my mother would take a particular interest 
    in them. After doing the shopping she would 
    confidentially tell my father at lunch time 
    'It was John Stack who killed the Poor Crature 
    Murphy'. My father would digest this new lead 
    'Is that a fact?'
    'It is Tom,  the grocer told me only this morning' 
    Later my mother would find out that my father had 
    only just arrested Con Lehane for the murder and 
    he had pleaded guilty. My mother would be raging 
    he had not let her know. The shame not to mention 
    the loss of prestige in the grocery shop and 
    market would be unbearable. 
    
    Life and crime continued at this leisurely pace. 
    It was predictable.
    
    Then there came Paddy O'Sullivan.
    
    Paddy O'Sullivan was a small man with dark hair 
    and piercing ice blue eyes who lived in the far 
    end of Listowel town, married with 6 children and 
    a patient hard working wife. He was unemployed 
    and drew the dole each week on a Wednesday. Life 
    was hard but Paddy was happy and content with his 
    lot. He did occasional work when he could get it 
    and he had the reputation of being an honest, 
    hard worker and was respected by local people.
    
    Paddy did not have any trade skills that he could 
    sell on the building sites in England like his 
    contemporaries, who were busy building air fields 
    and fortifications for the Allies. 
    
    Then again maybe he was not interested in leaving 
    the town of Listowel where he was happy. However 
    he had one natural skill that served him well. He 
    was a superb fisherman and this was the main 
    support of his family. One salmon a week helped to 
    bring some level of comfort into their lives. It 
    was never over done except for holiday week ends, 
    school books or other special occasions. It was 
    not Paddy's style to over do things. He liked life 
    quiet and unobtrusive. It is a philosophy in 
    Kerry 'we won't preten a word' as they say in the 
    local vernacular. 
    
    His crime of course was that he was fishing 
    without a licence that cost two shillings and 
    six pence, 25 cents in today's money. Even that 
    small sum was not within his reach. Neither did 
    he feel he should pay for a licence either.
    
    The fishing rights of the Feale River that ran 
    through the town of Listowel were held by Lord 
    Listowel, who was then Minister of Posts and 
    Telegraphs in Westminster, London. There was 
    some royal charter going back to ancient times 
    when lands were being dispensed to the landlords. 
    Since Independence the Lord had not really 
    exercised his rights.
    
    The Garda were aware of Paddy's activities but 
    there was an undeclared 'gentleman's agreement' 
    between them. He did not poison the river with 
    chemicals that killed the fauna and young fish 
    as other poachers selfishly did. This effected 
    the number of fish running in the river the 
    following year. As long as he took the odd salmon 
    as family support, they ignored the fact he did 
    not have a licence. What is more, many of the 
    Garda themselves had fought in the War of 
    Independence and felt that maybe what Paddy was 
    doing was what they had fought for. 
    
    However life was to change. 
    
    ~~~
    
    This article is continued in the online edition 
    and can be viewed here:
    
    https://www.ireland-information.com/nov06.htm#story
    
    
      However life was to change. Lord Listowel was informed by his agent of Paddy's heinous crime. He wrote to his counterpart in the Irish Government the Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries in Dublin. 'His river was being disgracefully poached and the police are doing absolutely nothing about it, what was the country coming to, actually this was a complete break down of law and order that would definitely encourage miscreants and mischief making leading to more dire consequences; actually one can only stand appalled'!

    In due course the file arrived on my father's desk requesting information for a reply to this charge. In civil administration there is nothing more time consuming or irritating than the ongoing file. It becomes a letter writing competition as additional information and further clarifications are requested. The recipient's objective is to kill the file quickly and once and for all. So the reply had to be water tight, factually accurate, and concise. There should be no loop hole. Kill the file in one blow. This required careful thought and planning.

    The Garda applied all their professional police skills honed on apprehending sheep stealers, kidnappers of rams and riding bicycles without a red light to this task. And they came up with what they considered a brilliant solution.

    Paddy's mid morning routine was to fish the pool at the rear of the Stand on the Listowel Race Course. The pool was ideal for fishing and he was near his market for his produce.

    The two latest arrivals that had just completed their training in the Garda Depot in the Phoenix Park, Dublin (then the Garda Training Centre) would be sent to the Stand in the Race Course to stake out the fishing pool there. When Paddy caught a salmon, as undoubtedly he would, he would be arrested with the rod and salmon. He would be charged with poaching in that he was fishing without a licence. My father would arrange with the District Justice to fine Paddy two and sixpence and upbraid him in public court about his criminal activities. The Garda would pay the fine (a penny or one cent each) and Paddy would have the salmon. Justice would be done. Lord Listowel would be assured that law and order had been restored in North Kerry and the file would be terminated. What more could anyone ask for in life?

    The two young Garda were dispatched to the Race Course and hid in the Stand. As the criminologists at the Barracks had predicted Paddy arrived and by mid morning had caught a salmon. The Garda rushed out calling on Paddy to put down the rod and salmon, he was under arrest. Paddy taken unawares panicked and ran across the weir into a small wood. By the time the Garda had taken of their shoes, socks and rolled up their trousers Paddy had vanished. He now knew the Garda had developed a new and very disturbing change of policy. Disaster for the Garda he knew the river well and could continue fishing any where in its 65 miles length with impunity.

    The two young Garda could see their careers going up in smoke; the Barrack Sergeant was faced with telling my father that he had failed to implement a simple plan. The even tenure of Barrack life was seriously disrupted by this arch criminal Paddy O'Sullivan (he had come up a grade) and worse my father now faced a long and trying correspondence with the Department. An air of doom and gloom descended on the Barracks.

    The Barrack party assembled to contemplate plan B. The case would be taken on circumstantial evidence. The two Garda would swear they saw Paddy catch a salmon and evade arrest. Paddy would be arrested immediately, told he was being unreasonable and encouraged to plead guilty. The District Justice would fine him. The Sergeant started collecting the fine immediately from the rest of the Garda. Paddy would have the salmon. The new plan was presented to my father. He was not very happy about it. It was not as water tight as he would have liked but under the circumstances it was the best alternative.

    Lunch in our house always followed the same ritual. We would come in from school before my father, who would arrive at the stroke of one o'clock. My mother would fuss around serving food, encouraging us to eat more vegetables and remonstrating with us for wearing our good shoes on a dry day. They were only to be worn going to Mass on Sunday.

    On this day my father arrived in a grumpy humour. My mother enquired about the crime scene and most unusually for my father he replied there was serious trouble brewing in the Barracks. He would have to go back early. For my mother it was like a lighting conductor. This was the stuff of scintillating grocery shop conversations.

    To show she was there for her husband in times of trouble and also to press the advantage in case more detailed information was available. My mother announced with a great flourish:

    'Tom I have a great surprise for you for supper this evening, I bought a salmon for half nothing from Paddy O'Sullivan'.

    There was what is called in literature a pregnant pause.

    It was the first marital row we had ever seen in our house. My father went berserk; my mother was annoyed with him and told him he was being completely unreasonable. She was trying to make ends meet in these difficult times and trying her best to put wholesome food on our table. In addition it was only common charity to help unfortunates when they were in trouble. We scattered back to school early.

    Paddy knew he was in deep trouble with law and order enforcement. He knew something unusual had occurred to have prompted the Garda to make such a serious policy change and revoke the 'gentleman's agreement'. Even if he fished elsewhere it meant walking long distances and worse coming home with the salmon. The Garda would not let this pass. He applied his criminal mind to come up with a plan.

    Apparently he had sold salmon to my mother before unknown to my father (although now he began to suspect it) for the going black market rate of a £1 that was 50% of the fish monger's price. My mother was by no means a mean woman but she was careful. Any savings she could make in the household budget were triumphs for her. My longest memory as a small boy was wearing blue trousers made from my father's old uniforms. Paddy came to the door straight from the crime scene. His price was 10 schillings he needed medicine urgently for his young daughter. Under the circumstances my mother offered him his going rate of a £1 or would lend him the money. He replied that they came from good stock. They were never beggars. A man had his pride. Paddy knew of course my mother would not be able to resist the bargain and the deal was done for 10 schillings.

    Every law enforcement officer in North Kerry was dispatched on a man hunt. Plan B worked. Paddy, after some encouragement, pleaded guilty. The file was closed. The Garda arranged a job for Paddy with the County Council repairing roads. Perhaps they saw it as hard labour that such a criminal deserved. But also the salmon season was coming to an end and he did have to support a family. He also had to agree not to sell any more salmon to the Superintendent's wife.

    Success and relief all around but we had a silent poached salmon supper.

    Some years later the arch criminal Paddy O'Sullivan invited my father and mother to the graduation of his daughter at University College, Cork They both attended, my father in full uniform as it was a formal occasion.

    In the criminal sub culture of the 1940s Listowel there was both honour and respect.

    Michael Mulcahy

    ~~~

    You can offer any feedback on this story to the author at: carraig4@esatclear.ie
    MY NATIVE LAND by Tom Shea ============== Oh land of my birth far across the wild ocean O'er the wastes of the waters my heart flies to thee, As the wild bird uncaged flies away to the woodland And pours out his heart in the song of the free. In dreams I have roamed once again through thy valleys Or rode through thy forests to hunt the wild deer, The dawn sometimes finds me on heather clad hillsides, But alas! I awaken and find I am here. Far away from the island where loved ones are sleeping I'm forced to continue my life far apart. In the land of my forefathers ancient in glory The tyrant still strangles the Queen of my heart. Yet! Dearly I love this free land I have chosen Where great men once banished the tyrant away, From the shores of Columbia unfastened his clutches And routed his redcoats in battle array. Still pensive I dream of the moor and the meadow Of nests in the bushes where speckled hens laid, Where the cry of the hound and the song of the reaper Rang out through the land where in childhood I played. Oh! Ireland! One prayer in my heart I keep ever, To the end of my life with each ounce of my will God grant that the tyrant be flung from thy borders And the fall of his footsteps forever be still! Tom Shea ================================================= YOU CAN HELP TO KEEP THIS FREE NEWSLETTER ALIVE! Visit: https://www.irishnation.com where you can get great Irish gifts, prints, claddagh jewellery, engraved glassware and much more. Anne MacDonald ordered a family crest plaque: Hello, Michael, Received my plaque, carefully wrapped, in good order. It is splendid! I am thrilled, and I know that my dad, for whose 81st birthday this was ordered, will love it. I would like to order another one! Everyone who has seen the plaque has been really impressed, even those who, as my daughter says are 'not into ancestor worship!' Again, my hearty thanks for this first-class product. Best wishes for happy holiday season. Sincerely, Anne MacDonald THE PERFECT WEDDING OR ANNIVERSARY GIFT! View family crest plaques here: https://www.irishnation.com/familycrestplaques.htm ================================================= IRISH SLAVES IN THE AMERICAS by Tom Osborne ============================ Records are replete with references to early Irish Catholics in the West Indies. Gwynn in Analecta Hibernica, states: 'The earliest reference to the Irish is the establishment of an Irish settlement on the Amazon River in 1612.' Smith, in Colonists in Bondage, reports: 'a Proclamation of the year 1625 urged the banishing overseas of dangerous rogues (Irish Political Prisoners), kidnapping (of Irish) was common.' Condon states that the first considerable emigration from Ireland to the southern latitudes of America was to Guiana in 1629. Newton declares that Antigua and Montserrat were occupied as early as 1632 and that many emigrant Irish came out among the early planters and servants in these islands. Dunn,in Sugar and Slaves, asserts that, in 1636, Ireland was already a prime source of supply for servants: as early as 1637, on Montserrat the Irish heavily outnumbered the English colonists, and 69 percent of Montserrat's white inhabitants were Irish. Lenihan writes: in 1650 '25,000 Irishmen sold as slaves in Saint Kitt's and the adjoining islands, petitioned for a priest...' In 1641, Ireland's population was 1,466,000 and in 1652, 616,000. According to Sir William Petty, 850,000 were wasted by the sword, plague, famine, hardship and banishment during the Confederation War 1641-1652. At the end of the war, vast numbers of Irish men, women and children were forcibly transported to the American colonies by the English government. These people were rounded up like cattle, and, as Prendergast reports on Thurloe's State Papers (Pub. London, 1742), 'In clearing the ground for the adventurers and soldiers (the English capitalists of that day)... To be transported to Barbados and the English plantations in America. It was a measure beneficial to Ireland, which was thus relieved of a population that might trouble the planters, it was a benefit to the people removed, which might thus be made English and Christians ... a great benefit to the West India sugar planters, who desired men and boys for their bondsmen, and the women and Irish girls... To solace them.' ~~~ This article is continued in the online edition and can be viewed here: https://www.ireland-information.com/nov06.htm#article
      J. Williams provides additional evidence of the attitude of the English government towards the Irish in an English law of June 26, 1657:

    Those who fail to transplant themselves into Connaught (Ireland's Western Province) or (County) Clare within six months... Shall be attained of high treason... Are to be sent into America or some other parts beyond the seas..."(10) Those thus banished who return are to "suffer the pains of death as felons by virtue of this act, without benefit of Clergy."(11)

    The following are but a few of the numerous references to those Irish transported against their will between 1651 and 1660.

    Emmet asserts that during this time, more that "100,000 young children who were orphans or had been taken from their Catholic parents, were sent abroad into slavery in the West Indies, Virginia and New England, that they might lose their faith and all knowledge of their nationality, for in most instances even their names were changed... Moreover, the contemporary writers assert between 20,000 and 30,000 men and women who were taken prisoner were sold in the American colonies as slaves, with no respect to their former station in life."(12)

    Dunn claims in Barbados the Irish Catholics constituted the largest block of servants on the island.(13) Higham estimated that in 1652 Barbados had absorbed no less than 12,000 of these political prisoners.(14) E. Williams reports: "In 1656 Cromwell's Council of State voted that 1,000 Irish girls and 1,000 Irish young men be sent to Jamaica."(15) Smith declares: "it is impossible to say how many shiploads of unhappy Irish were dispatched to America by the English government," and "no mention of such shipments would be very likely to appear in the State Papers... They must have been very considerable in number."(16)

    Estimates vary between 80,000 and 130,000 regarding the amount of Irish sent into slavery in America and the West Indies during the years of 1651 - 1660: Prendergast says 80,000(17); Boudin 100,000(18); Emmet 120,000 to 130,000(19); Lingard 60,000 up until 1656(20); and Condon estimates "the number of Irish transported to the British colonies in America from 1651 - 1660 exceeded the total number of their inhabitants at that period, a fact which ought not to be lost sight of by those who undertake to estimate the strength of the Celtic element in this nation..."(21)

    It is impossible to ascertain the exact number of those unfortunate victims of English injustice during this period, but we do know the amount was massive. Even though the figures given above are but estimates, they are estimates from eminent historians.

    Tom Osborne
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