The Information about Ireland Site Newsletter
    September 2007


    The Newsletter for people interested in Ireland

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     The Information about Ireland Site Newsletter 
                      September 2007
     
    The Newsletter for people interested in Ireland 
     Now received by over 50,000 people worldwide 
          https://www.ireland-information.com 
              https://www.irishnation.com
                  Copyright (C) 2007  
    
    =================================================
    
    		IN THIS ISSUE
    === Foreword
    === News Snaps from Ireland 
    === New free resources at the site
    === Getting Connected	       by John B. McCabe
    === The Southern Irish during the Civil War
    === Who were the Black Irish?
    === Shamrock Site of the Month: celticattic.com
    === Gaelic Phrases of the Month
    === Monthly free competition result
    
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    FOREWORD
    ========
    
    Hello again from Ireland where the talk is of a 
    slowing economy and what will happen next. For a 
    country that has only recently experienced an 
    economic boom the Irish are quick to jump on 
    the 'gloom and doom' bandwagon!
    
    Please do send us in a poem, story or article for 
    inclusion in next months newsletter. Once it is 
    about Ireland or the Irish then we would love to 
    have it
    
    Best from Ireland!
    
    Michael
    
    
    WE NEED YOUR HELP!
    
    PLEASE - send this newsletter on to your friends 
    or relatives who you think are interested in 
    Ireland. By doing this you are helping to keep 
    us 'free'.
    
    Got something to say? Don't keep it to yourself!
    Why don't you submit an article for inclusion
    in the next edition? Go here for more information:
    
    https://www.ireland-information.com/newsletter.htm
    
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    NEWS SNAPS FROM IRELAND
    =======================
     
    INTERNATIONAL CREDIT CRUNCH HITS IRELAND
    
    The recent turmoil in the US credit and housing 
    markets has spread to Ireland and the UK where 
    well established bank Northern Rock has been 
    brought to its knees.
    
    Scenes reminiscent from the 1930's were witnessed 
    on Dublin's Harcourt Street where Northern Bank 
    has its sole Irish branch. In the UK pictures of 
    hundreds of people queueing outside branches all 
    across Britain dominated the evening news. This 
    was an old fashioned 'run' on the bank, the fifth 
    largest mortgage lender in the UK. It took a 
    declaration by the British Chancellor, Alastair 
    Darling, that all savings were guaranteed by 
    the Government before the panic subsided.
    
    Despite reassurances by the Central Bank that 
    Northern Rock was well funded and in no danger of
    collapse, the fact that it had to offer the bank 
    short term lending because of the international 
    credit crunch sparked a wave of withdrawals by 
    customers who just did not see any need to take 
    a chance. It looks like Northern Rock, whose
    share price has collapsed from £12 a share in 
    2006 to £2 a share today, may now be sold on the 
    cheap as its reputation has been destroyed
    
    IRISH TEENAGERS FATTER THAN THEIR ANCESTORS
    
    A public health conference held in University 
    College Cork (UCC) has revealed that an average 
    14-year old in Ireland now weighs 9.5 stone, 
    compared to the 5.5 stone that his grandfather 
    may have weighed in 1948. Modern teenagers are 
    also taller by 9 inches at 5 foot 6 inches than 
    their 1948 counterparts. A richer economy often 
    means better nutrition and this was certainly 
    the case in Ireland up until the 1970s. Since 
    then however, the excesses of the economic boom 
    have become apparent in the diet of the young. 
    Diabetes in the adulthood of the fast food 
    generation is expected to be one of the fastest 
    growing diseases facing healthcare experts in 
    the future.
      
    LANGUAGE SKILLS NOW A REQUIREMENT FOR MIGRANTS
    
    Migrants who have entered Ireland and who seek 
    to become Irish citizens will in future be 
    required to pass a language test. The issue of 
    integration is very much to the forefront for 
    immigrant and government groups alike and the 
    proposed measure is intended to assist with the 
    integration process. The Government also has 
    one eye on the huge intellectual dividend that 
    migrants can add to Ireland. Many of the Polish 
    and eastern European migrants who have entered 
    Ireland in recent years have University degrees 
    but end up working in Coffee shops and the service 
    industry simply because they can earn up to four 
    times the weekly wage in Ireland than they might 
    earn in their home country. Accessing this pool 
    of talent and encouraging them into more 
    challenging fields of employment is likely to be 
    a key requirement if Ireland is to retain its 
    economic competitiveness. The provision of 
    language classes to immigrants is seen as one 
    step along that road.
    
    IRISH SMOKING BAN REDUCES HEART ATTACKS BY 10%
    
    The ban on smoking in the workplace in 
    Ireland has been credited with the reduction 
    in heart attacks by its citizens of 10% a 
    health conference has heard.
    
    The ban on smoking has also led to a reduction 
    in drinking in some categories as public houses 
    continue to lose trade to off-licences.
    
    AER LINGUS CERTAIN TO LEAVE SHANNON
    
    Plans by Aer Lingus to leave Shannon airport and 
    to set up a hew hub at Belfast are still on 
    course despite a concerted campaign by business 
    and local interests in the west of Ireland. Rival 
    airline Ryanair has repeatedly tried to get an 
    EGM of the company called where there is a good 
    chance the decision to pull out of Shannon would 
    be reversed. Aer Lingus management have so far 
    fought off their bitter rival but the game is 
    not up yet.
    
    IRISH SOCCER SHAMBLES CONTINUES
    
    Any hope of the Irish soccer team qualifying for 
    the 2008 European Championships have all but 
    evaporated after two dismal performances by the 
    Irish team. A lame draw against a poor Slovakia 
    side in Bratislava was followed up by a narrow 
    1-0 defeat in Prague to the Czech Republic. The 
    poor results in the qualifying campaign of the 
    Irish team (including a defeat to Cyprus) have 
    resulted in calls for the resignation of Irish 
    manager Steve Staunton. It looks unlikely however 
    that the FAI will bow to the pressure and only a 
    home trouncing by Germany or a big defeat in 
    Wales might jeopardise Stauntons job.
    
    
    Voice your opinion on these news issues here:
    
    https://www.ireland-information.com/cgi-bin/newsletterboardindex.cgi
    
    =================================================
    
    NEW FREE RESOURCES AT THE SITE
    ==============================
    
    FREE KIDS GAMES TO PRINT:
    
    Go here to print off some simple games to teach 
    kids about Ireland:
    
    https://www.ireland-information.com/freegames.htm
    
    NEW COATS OF ARMS ADDED TO THE GALLERY:
    
    The following 6 coats of arms images and family
    history details have been added to the Gallery:
    
    B: Bircumshaw
    C: Callin, McCool
    F: Fee
    K: Knowlson
    M: Mountjoy
    
    View the Gallery here:
    
    http://www.irishsurnames.com/coatsofarms/gm.htm
    
    THE PERFECT WEDDING, ANNIVERSARY OR BIRTHDAY GIFT!
    We now have over 100,000 worldwide names available.
    Get the Coat of Arms Print, Claddagh Ring,
    Screensaver, Watch, T-Shirt Transfer or Clock for
    your name at:
    
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    =================================================
    
    
    
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    GETTING CONNECTED		by John B. McCabe
    =================
    
    Dear Michael
    
    Enclosed find new article for your newsletter.
    In America the Electricity has been around for a 
    long time. We owe it to the great inventor Thomas 
    Alva Edison. In Ireland we have harnessed the 
    waterways and have caught up with the rest of the 
    world. 
     
    However in the 1950's many parts of the country 
    had no electricity. The 'Rurual Electrification 
    Scheme' was initiated in the late nineteen 
    fifties. Our home was connected in 1959. The 
    enclosed article recounts the excitement of that 
    event.
    
    Hope this article evokes many memories for your 
    Irish readers.
     
    Regards
     
    John B.
    
    ===
    
    Some moments are burned into the soul and remain 
    as permanent reference points for a life time. 
    They are as great watersheds between distinct 
    periods of evolution where nothing will ever be 
    the same again. Such was the summer of nineteen 
    fifty nine which saw the arrival of the rural 
    electrification scheme to south Monaghan. Great 
    debates were held about the advantages and costs 
    involved in being connected up and many an 
    argument raged among the townlands about whether 
    or not to 'take the electricity'. My father who 
    lived with a terrible fear of penury, a nervous 
    disposition which left him indecisive and prone 
    to forebodings of imminent disasters, advised 
    against it. The expense was too much and he 
    firmly believed that once people were lured into 
    acceptance by the initial low cost attraction 
    the price would soar and 'drive us out of house 
    and home'.
    
    Mammy was more optimistic and her determination 
    and pride which would not allow us to be 'behind 
    the times' won the day. She took the matter into 
    her own hands and rode her bicycle all the way to 
    Ballybay where she engaged an electrician to wire 
    the house and be ready for connection when the 
    power lines were switched on.
    
    It was a scorching summer and longer than any I 
    had ever remembered. Meteorological records can 
    easily prove otherwise but for me it was the first 
    summer of real awareness, of excitement, of new 
    beginnings and so much was happening that year 
    that it seemed like I had never been alive before 
    or else had stepped over an unseen border into a 
    more vibrant world.
    
    Men came and put down marking pegs along the 
    roadside verges and at intervals across the fields 
    to indicate where holes were to be dug for the 
    poles. Soon the countryside was littered with 
    mounds of clay as if enormous rabbits had scooped 
    out giant burrows in the night.
    
    All was not throbbing with the pulse of progress. 
    The rabbits had bred like wildfire in the previous 
    months and populated the area in plague 
    proportions, destroying crops, cratering the 
    fields and fouling the pastures with millions of 
    droppings.
    
    Mixamatosis was introduced to eradicate the rabbit 
    population with devastating consequences. The 
    disease caused horrible swelling in the head and 
    eyes of these animals and they wandered stupidly 
    to their death, sometimes killed in their hundreds 
    on the road way. We watched these pitiable 
    creatures with their gigantic death laden eyes 
    huddled in their dying thousands in every field 
    and country laneway.
    
    The electricity board had delivered supplies of 
    pylons, stacked in groups of five or six at 
    strategic intervals along the road. The scorching 
    sun raised blisters of oozing tar from their pores. 
    Nineteen fifty nine forever in my mind recalls the 
    smell of melting tar and the feted stench of 
    decomposing rabbits on the road.
    
    A new craze took hold of every boy in our area that 
    year. The magic of digging holes, erecting pylons, 
    coupled with the giddy adventure of being an 
    overhead linesman caught the imagination. 
    Everywhere on farms holes were dug, strings strung 
    from tree to tree and old lids and polish boxes 
    improvised as switches.
    
    My mother was none too pleased when my brother and 
    I paused from our exertions of digging yet another 
    great hole and tore our vests so we could more 
    accurately mimic the sweating workers with their 
    manly chests exposed to the sun.
    
    When at last the power was switched on we were 
    high with excitement and my father warned us of 
    the dangers of electrocution. 'It's no toy to be 
    tampered with', he said, as we argued which of us 
    should switch on the light. Eventually we took it 
    in turns to do so, night about, until it had lost 
    its novelty.
    	
    I have always been amazed at how important changes 
    within ourselves happen so unconsciously that we 
    are never aware of the small day to day 
    developments. Growing up, growing old, growing 
    tall or growing fat - these are not observed in 
    the gradual daily progress which is too small to 
    measure but in relation to other objects, people 
    or environments. The phenomenological reference for 
    my growing up pertains to that simple exercise of 
    putting on the light. Initially I had to stand on 
    a chair, later on tip-toes and later again it was 
    but a hand stretch away. I have much cause to 
    wonder at the many other changes which have 
    happened to me as imperceptibly but equally 
    dramatically as the process of growing up.
    
    The following year the Shankill power lines were 
    begun. This was a new development linking two 
    generating stations and brought new drama to my 
    world.
    
    Huge steel giants strode across the hills, 
    towering over the tallest trees, marching through 
    swamps and straddling ditches. They carried heavy 
    power lines that hissed and sizzled in the frost. 
    I had broken my wrist that year and I remember 
    standing outside the back of our house watching 
    these pylons being erected. They were planted in 
    a concrete base and built piece by piece until the 
    two great arms branched out to carry the top 
    section. The one in our field was nearly eighty 
    feet tall and it stood there begging to be 
    climbed. And climbed it was! My brother did it - 
    I only went up as far as the arms. He had a better 
    head for heights than me and up he went until he 
    was a small dark speck - ten years old and 
    dangling his feet from the triangular corner with 
    nothing beneath him but the certainty of death. 
    He got down safely and I have nightmares to this 
    day to prove it happened.
    
    One Sunday we conquered a smaller pylon on 
    Trainor's Hill and my uncle bellowed from half a 
    mile away to 'come down ou'are that before yiz get 
    kilt'. His grammar was off but his concern was 
    genuine!
    
    The giants are still standing and hissing at the 
    sky - ugly and un-magical, monuments to a blind 
    progress which so disfigures the beauty of the 
    country's face.
    
    John B. McCabe
    
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    THE SOUTHERN IRISH DURING THE CIVIL WAR     
    =======================================
    by David Donehoo
    
    Although it is quite well known there were several 
    Irish brigades who fought for the North, little 
    has been said about the contribution the Irish 
    made to the Southern cause.
    
    This of course seems odd to us who are of Irish 
    heritage with deep roots in the South, since a 
    large percentage of the people around us were 
    also of Irish descent. Names like Coleman, Farrell, 
    Adams, Campbell, Reed, Thompson, Sullivan, Early, 
    so on and so on, made up a majority of the people 
    in our little north Georgia town. 
    
    The fact is that probably over 90% of the Southern 
    population were of Scot/Irish/English descent. 
    Because of this, and because these individuals 
    groups were so well assimilated into the culture, 
    there was little call or desire for brigades made 
    up of particular nationalities.
    
    It has been noted that the South was the only region
    in the United States that ever developed a unique 
    and homogeneous culture. That of course, is because 
    of the common heritage that was shared by those who 
    originally settled in this area. Attributes like 
    chivalry, honor, loyalty and civility were simply 
    considered a part of life. Those of Irish descent, 
    as a result, were not thought of as an individual 
    group to be looked down on or separated. On the 
    contrary, they were thought of as the backbone of 
    the South, it is no mistake that the heroine of 
    'Gone With The Wind' was named Scarlett O'Hara.
    
    The Irish of the North and South, although similar 
    in many ways, did have some major differences. 
    Most of the Irish in the South were descendants 
    of the 'dispossessed Ulster Presbyterians of the 
    Eighteenth Century'. Thus, they were among the 
    early settlers in the Southern States. By the 
    1780s my particular family 'Donehoo' had settled 
    in South Carolina. Later on, before the Civil War 
    began, they packed up and moved into North 
    Georgia. The Irish in the South were extremely 
    patriotic toward their newfound home. According to 
    John Mitchel, a Protestant Irish nationalist of 
    the time, they viewed the Confederacy as 'a 
    surrogate Ireland, an agricultural society 
    fighting for its way of life, for self-rule 
    against an Anglo-Protestant industrial state, 
    much like England'.
    
    Most of the Irish in the North, unlike their 
    brothers of the South, migrated to their newfound 
    home in the nineteenth century, just prior to the 
    War, and were Catholic. Being a minority at the 
    time, many doors were closed to them and they 
    experienced quite a bit of discrimination. When 
    the war came along they saw an opportunity not 
    only to distinguish themselves as Irish-Americans, 
    but also to carve out a place in Northern society. 
    Several Irish brigades were established as a 
    result, and were honored for their bravery and 
    loyalty. No one can deny the great contribution 
    these men made to their country, but the Irish of 
    the South were fighting for different reasons. 
    
    They were fighting for their way for life, for 
    their homes, and for their families and neighbors. 
    I know that there are those who place a special 
    emphasis on the fact that the North had several 
    Irish Brigades made up of individuals who were 
    actually born in Ireland. However, we in the South 
    who are of Irish blood, also take great pride in 
    the fact that our forefathers had the courage to 
    fight an enemy who overwhelmed them in numbers and 
    were better armed. In spite of the odds, these 
    brave Irishmen fought and won many battles until 
    they could simply go no further. My Grandfather 
    described for me in detail what his Grandfather 
    had told him about the terrifying sound of the 
    'rebel yell' as it would grow to a deafening 
    crescendo across the battlefield. In my mind's 
    eye I can see those ancient Irish warriors 
    charging across a vast open field, swords and 
    lances in hand, to do battle with a great Roman 
    army. We Southern Protestant Irish are very 
    proud of our ancestors who were so willing to 
    give their all for their homeland.
    
    David Donehoo
    
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    WHO WERE THE BLACK IRISH?
    =========================
    
    The term 'Black Irish' has commonly been in 
    circulation among Irish emigrants and their 
    descendants for centuries. As a subject of 
    historical discussion the subject is almost 
    never referred to in Ireland. There are a 
    number of different claims as to the origin of 
    the term, none of which are possible to prove 
    or disprove.
    
    'Black Irish' is often a description of 
    people of Irish origin who had dark features, 
    black hair, dark complexion and eyes. 
    
    A quick review of Irish history reveals that 
    the island was subject to a number of influxes 
    of foreign people. The Celts arrived on the 
    island about the year 500 B.C. Whether or not 
    this was an actual invasion or rather a more 
    gradual migration and assimilation of their 
    culture by the natives is open to conjecture,
    but there is sufficient evidence to suggest 
    that this later explanation is more likely. 
    The next great influx came from Northern 
    Europe with Viking raids occurring as early 
    as 795 A.D. The defeat of the Vikings at the 
    Battle of Clontarf in the year 1014 by Brian 
    Boru marked the end of the struggle with the 
    invaders and saw the subsequent integration 
    of the Vikings into Irish society. The migrants 
    became 'Gaelicized' and formed septs (a kind 
    of clan) along Gaelic lines. 
    
    The Norman invasions of 1170 and 1172 led by 
    Strongbow saw yet another wave of immigrants 
    settle in the country, many of whom fiercely 
    resisted English dominance of the island in
    the centuries that followed. The Plantation of 
    Ulster in the seventeenth century saw the 
    arrival of English and Scottish colonists in 
    Ulster after the 'Flight of the Earls'.
    
    Each of these immigrant groups had their own 
    physical characteristics and all, with the 
    exception of the Ulster Planters, assimilated 
    to some degree into Irish society, many 
    claiming to be 'more Irish than the Irish 
    themselves!' 
    
    The Vikings were often referred to as the 
    'dark invaders' or 'black foreigners'. The 
    Gaelic word for foreigner is 'gall' and for 
    black (or dark) is 'dubh'. Many of the 
    invaders families took Gaelic names that 
    utilised these two descriptive words. The 
    name Doyle is in Irish 'O'Dubhghaill' which 
    literally means 'dark foreigner' which 
    reveals their heritage as an invading force 
    with dark intentions. The name Gallagher is 
    'O Gallchobhair' which translates as 'foreign 
    help'. The traditional image of Vikings is of 
    pale-skinned blond-haired invaders but their 
    description as 'dark foreigners' may lead us 
    to conclude that their memory in folklore 
    does not just depend on their physical 
    description.
    
    The Normans were invited into Ireland by 
    Dermot McMurrough and were led by the famous 
    Strongbow. Normans are ultimately of French 
    origin where black haired people are not 
    uncommon. As with the Vikings these were 
    viewed as a people of 'dark intentions' who 
    ultimately colonised much of the Eastern 
    part of the country and several larger 
    towns. Many families however integrated 
    into Gaelic society and changed their Norman 
    name to Gaelic and then Anglo equivalents: 
    the Powers, Fitzgeralds, 
    Devereuxs, Redmonds.
    
    It is possible that the term 'Black Irish' 
    may have referred to some of these immigrant 
    groups as a way of distinguishing them from 
    the 'Gaels', the people of ultimately Celtic 
    origin.
    
    Another theory of the origin of the term 
    'Black Irish' is that these people were 
    descendants of Spanish traders who settled in 
    Ireland and even descendants of the few 
    Spanish sailors who were washed up on the 
    west coast of Ireland after the disaster 
    that was the 'Spanish Armada' of 1588. It is 
    claimed that the Spanish married into Irish 
    society and created a new class of Irish who 
    were immediately recognisable by their dark 
    hair and complexion. There is little evidence 
    to support this theory and it is unlikely 
    that any significant number of Spanish soldiers 
    would have survived long in the war-torn place 
    that was sixteenth century Ireland. It is  
    striking though how this tale is very similar to 
    the ancient Irish legend of the Milesians who 
    settled in Ireland having travelled from Spain.
    
    The theory that the 'Black Irish' are descendants 
    of any small foreign group that integrated with 
    the Irish and survived, is unlikely. It seems 
    more likely that 'Black Irish' is a descriptive 
    term rather than an inherited characteristic that 
    has been applied to various categories of Irish 
    people over the centuries.
    
    One such example is that of the hundreds of 
    thousands of Irish peasants who emigrated to 
    America after the Great Famine of 1845 to 1849. 
    1847 was known as 'black 47'. The potato blight 
    which destroyed the main source of sustenance
    turned the vital food black. It is possible that 
    the arrival of large numbers of Irish after the 
    famine into America, Canada, Australia and beyond 
    resulted in their being labelled as 'black' in 
    that they escaped from this new kind of black 
    death. 
    
    Immigrant groups throughout history have generally 
    been treated poorly by the indigenous population 
    (or by those who simply settled first). 
    Derogatory names for immigrant groups are legion 
    and in the case of those who left Ireland include 
    'Shanty Irish' and almost certainly 'Black Irish'. 
    It is also possible that within the various Irish 
    cultures that became established in America that 
    there was a pecking order, a class system that 
    saw some of their countrymen labelled as 'black'.
    
    The term 'Black Irish' has also been applied to 
    the descendants of Irish emigrants who settled 
    in the West Indies. It was used in Ireland by 
    Catholics in Ulster Province as a derogatory term 
    to describe the Protestant Planters.
    
    While it at various stages was almost certainly 
    used as an insult, the term 'Black Irish' has 
    emerged in recent times as a virtual badge of 
    honour among some descendants of immigrants. It 
    is unlikely that the exact origin of the term 
    will ever be known and it is also likely that it 
    has had a number of different creations depending 
    on the historical context. It remains therefore a 
    descriptive term used for many purposes, rather 
    than a reference to an actual class of people who 
    may have survived the centuries.
    
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    Wendy Walker of Columbia, Missouri got a
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     Michael,
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    GAELIC PHRASES OF THE MONTH
    ===========================
    
    PHRASE:		Gardai! Ta se prainneach. 
    PRONOUNCED:	gard-ee! Taw shay pronn-ack
    MEANING:	Police! It's an emergency. 
    
    PHRASE:		Taim i gcruachais anois
    PRONOUNCED:	tah-imm ih grew-cuss ah-nish
    MEANING:	I need your help now
    
    PHRASE:		Chaill me mo mhala. 
    PRONOUNCED:	kyle may muh wall-ah/spar-awn/tick-aid
    MEANING:	I lost my bag/wallet/ticket
    
    View the archive of phrases here:
    
    https://www.ireland-information.com/irishphrases.htm
    
    =================================================
    
    SEPTEMBER COMPETITION RESULT
    ============================
    
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    A Single Family Crest Print (decorative) 
    (US$19.99 value)
    
    Send us an email to claim your print, and well 
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    =================================================
    
    I hope that you have enjoyed this issue.
    
    Until next month,
    
    Michael Green,
    Editor,
    The Information about Ireland Site.
    
    
    https://www.ireland-information.com
    
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